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Saturday, September 20, 2014

Solaris 11 LDOM Interview Questions and Answers


Please Refer LDOM Quick Reference Guide 

1. How to check the Version of Logical Domain Manager and Hypervisor ?

# ldm -V     Display version information of LDM and Hypervisor
[root@unixrock /]# ldm -V
Logical Domain Manager (v 2.0)
        Hypervisor control protocol v 1.3
        Using Hypervisor MD v 1.1
System PROM:
        Hypervisor      v. 1.7.3.       @(#)Hypervisor 1.7.3.a 2009/10/29 15:50\015
        OpenBoot        v. 4.30.4       @(#)OBP 4.30.4 2009/08/19 07:24
[root@unixrock /]# 

2. Brief about Primary/Control Domain ?
  • It Controls the Oracle VM and also called as Primary domain.
  • Used to configure server resources and guest domains and Provides virtual console services.
  • Logical domain Manager installed only on Control domain.
  • Control domain normally act as Service domain.
  • For more reference "How to Configure Primary or Control Domain."
3. Brief about Service Domain?
  • Service domain Provides virtual device services to Guest Domain.
  • It provides Virtual Disk Services.
  • It provides Virtual Console Services.
  • It provides Virtual network Switches.
  • For more reference "How to Configure Service Domain"
4. Brief about Guest/Logical Domain?
  • Guest domain uses only virtual services.
  • Guest domain where our OS is installed.
  • Get the services from service domain in order to run application and user services.
  • Guest domain can be a I/O Domain.
  • For more reference "How to Configure Logical/Guest Domain"
5. Brief about I/O domain ?
  • I/O Domain where we are getting phyiscal I/O device access directly.
  • I/O device which connects PCI bus, such as local network interface, disk drives and PCI adapters.
  • For more reference "How to Configure I/O Domain"
6. How to check the list of services ?

List the Virtual services currently configure in the Control Domain
Syntax : # ldm list-services  [-e] [-p] [<ldom>...]
[root@unixrock /]# ldm list-services primary
VCC
    NAME             LDOM             PORT-RANGE
    primary-vcc0     primary          5000-5100
VSW
NAME LDOM  MAC  NET-DEV   ID DEVICE  LINKPROP DEFAULT-VLAN-ID PVID VID MTU   MODE
primary-vsw0 primary 00:14:4f:fa:4e:c5   e1000g0   0    switch@0   1    1    1500
VDS
    NAME             LDOM             VOLUME         OPTIONS          MPGROUP        DEVICE
    primary-vds0     primary
[root@unixrock /]# 
7. How to backup the LDOM configuration and how to restore?

Syntax : # ldm list-constraints ([-x] | [-e] [-p]) [...] 
[root@unixrock /]# ldm list-constraints -p
VERSION 1.5
DOMAIN|name=primary
UUID|uuid=f44b4e9e-330c-4a20-c22e-a18c1c6f61b1
MAC|mac-addr=00:14:4f:82:5c:ee
CONTROL|failure-policy=ignore
CORE|count=2
VCPU|count=8
MAU|count=1
MEMORY|size=2147483648
VARIABLES
|keyboard-layout=US-English
IO
|dev=pci@780|alias=
|dev=pci@7c0|alias=
VCC|name=primary-vcc0|port-range=5000-5100
VSW|name=primary-vsw0|mac-addr=|net-dev=e1000g0|dev=switch@0|default-vlan-id=1|pvid=1|vid=|mode=|mtu=|linkprop=|id=0
VDS|name=primary-vds0
[root@unixrock /]#
[root@unixrock /]# ldm list-constraints -x primary > /unixrock.xml
[root@unixrock /]# file /unixrock.xml
primary.xml:    XML document
[root@unixrock /]# ls -l /unixrock.xml
-rw-r--r--   1 root     root        3988 Feb 17 14:26 unixrock.xml
[root@unixrock /]# 
To restore the configuration NOTE: System configuration should be Factory-default setting
[root@unixrock /]# ldm list-spconfig
factory-default (current)
[root@unixrock /]# ldm init-system -i /unixrock.xml
[root@unixrock /]# ldm add-spconfig unixrock_config
[root@unixrock /]# ldm list-spconfig
factory-default
unixrock_config (current)
[root@unixrock /]# 

8. How to check the list of available devices ?

Syntax : # ldm list-devices [-a] [-p] [core] [cpu] [crypto|mau] [memory] [io]  
Example : # ldm list-devices -a               To list all the host server resources details
Example : # ldm list-devices -a cpu         To list all the host server CPU resources 
Example : # ldm list-devices -a memory To list all the host server MEMORY resources 
Example : # ldm list-devices -a io            To list all the host server I/O resources

9. How to add and remove the LDOM ?

Syntax :  # ldm  list-domain [-e] [-l] [-o <format>] [-p] [<ldom>...]
Syntax :  # ldm add-domain (-i <file> |[mac-addr=<num>] [hostid=<num>][failure-policy=<ignore|stop|reset|panic>][master=<master_ldom1,...,master_ldom4>] <ldom>...)
Syntax :  # ldm remove-domain (-a | <ldom>...)
[root@unixrock /]# ldm list-domain
NAME             STATE      FLAGS   CONS    VCPU  MEMORY   UTIL  UPTIME
primary          active     -n-cv-  SP      8     8G       0.4%  4h 7m
[root@unixrock /]#
[root@unixrock /]# ldm add-domain rockldom1
[root@unixrock /]# ldm list-domain
[root@unixrock /]# 
NAME             STATE      FLAGS   CONS    VCPU  MEMORY   UTIL  UPTIME
primary          active     -n-cv-  SP      8     8G       0.4%  4h 7m
rockldom1       inactive    ------  
[root@unixrock /]# 
[root@unixrock /]# ldm remove-domain rockldom1
[root@unixrock /]#
[root@unixrock /]# 

10. How to start and stop the LDOM ?

Syntax :ldm start-domain (-a | -i <file> | <ldom>...) 
Syntax :- ldm stop-domain [-f] (-a | <ldom>...)
[root@unixrock /]# ldm start-domain rockldom1
LDom rockldom1 started
[root@unixrock /]# ldm stop-domain rockldom1
LDom rockldom1 stopped
[root@unixrock /]# 

11. How to migrate the LDOM to another Host?

NOTE: Source and Target service configuration should be same.
Syntax :- # ldm migrate-domain [-f] [-n] [-p <password_file>] <source_ldom> [<user>@]<target_host>[:<target_ldom>]
[root@unixrock /]# ldm migrate-domain ldom1 root@192.168.10.25 
Target Password:

12. How to add/set the Memory resources to the LDOM ?

To add the memory to the guest domain
Syntax : # ldm add-memory [--auto-adj] <number>[GMK] <ldom>
           Example : # ldm add-memory 2G ldom1 
To reconfigure the memory to the guest or primary domain
Syntax : # ldm set-memory [--auto-adj] <number>[GMK] <ldom>
           Example : # ldm set-memory 5G primary 
           Example : # ldm set-memory 2G ldom1 
To decrease the amount of memory in a domain
Syntax : # ldm remove-memory [--auto-adj] <number>[GMK] <ldom>
            Example : # ldm remove-memory 1G primary 
            Example : # ldm remove-memory 1024M ldom1 

13. How to dump the configuration to the SP ?
Syntax : # ldm list-spconfig [-r [<autosave>]]

             Example : # ldm list-spconfig 
Syntax : # ldm add-spconfig [-r <autosave>] <config_name>
             Example : # ldm add-spconfig config_initial 
Syntax : # ldm remove-spconfig [-r] <config_name>
             Example : # ldm remove-spconfig config_initial 
[root@unixrock /]# ldm list-spconfig
factory-default
tempprofile [current]
[root@unixrock /]# ldm remove-spconfig tempprofile
[root@unixrock /]# ldm list-spconfig
factory-default [next poweron]
[root@unixrock /]# ldm add-spconfig config_intial
[root@unixrock /]# ldm list-spconfig
factory-default
config_intial [current]
[root@unixrock /]#
[root@unixrock /]# 

14. How to set the LDOM variables ?

To list the Variable settings of guest domain
Syntax : # ldm list-variable [<var_name>...] <ldom>
       Example : # ldm list-variable auto-boot\? Ldom1
       Example : # ldm list-variable boot-device Ldom1
To add the new variable setting to the guest domain
Syntax : # ldm add-variable <var_name>=<value>... <ldom>
       Example : # ldm add-variable boot-device Ldom1
To set the "auto-boot" variable as false, this will leave the server at in OK prompt 
Syntax : # ldm  set-variable <var_name>=<value>... <ldom>
       Example : # ldm set-variable auto-boot\?=false Ldom1

15. How to add the VCC on primary domain ?

To add the Virtual console concentrator service to the control domain
Syntax : # ldm add-vconscon port-range=<x>-<y> <vcc_name> <ldom>
      Example : # ldm add-vconscon port-range=5000-5100 primary-vcc0 primary
To set or modify the Virtual console concentrator service to the control domain
Syntax : # ldm set-vconscon port-range=<x>-<y> <vcc_name>
      Example : # ldm set-vconscon port-range=5000-5100 primary-vcc0
To remove the Virtual console service from domain
Syntax : # ldm remove-vconscon [-f] <vcc_name>
      Example : # ldm remove-vconscon primary-vcc0

16. How to add/set/remove the virtual CPU to the domain?


To add CPU to the guest domain
Syntax : # ldm add-vcpu [-c|--core] <number> <ldom>
     Example : # ldm add-vpcu 8 ldom1
To reconfigure the virtual CPU for any domain 
Syntax : # ldm set-vcpu [-c|--core] <number> <ldom>
     Example : # ldm set-vpcu 10 primary
To decrease the number of virtual CPU for any domain 
Syntax : # ldm remove-vcpu [-f|--force] [-c|--core] <number> <ldom>
     Example : # ldm remove-vpcu 2 ldom1

17. How to add/remove the Virtual disk to the domain?


To assign the Virual disk to the guest domain
Syntax :# ldm add-vdisk [timeout=<seconds>] [id=<diskid>]   <disk_name>  <volume_name>@<service_name> <ldom>
      Example : # ldm add-vdisk vdisk0 vol0@primary-vds0 ldom1
      Example : # ldm add-vdisk iso01 iso01@primary-vds0 ldom1
To remove the  Virual disk  on the guest domain
Syntax :# ldm remove-vdisk [-f] <disk_name> <ldom>
      Example : # ldm remove-vdisk vdisk0 ldom1

18. How to add/remove the ISO image to the domain?
To add or associating the iso resources to the Control domain's virtual disk services 

[root@unixrock /]# ldm add-vdsdev options=ro /export/home/solaris.iso iso01@primary-vds0
[root@unixrock /]#
To remove Virtual disk server devices 
[root@unixrock /]# ldm remove-vdsdev iso01@primary-vds0
[root@unixrock /]#

19. How to add the vds services to the domain?

To add the Virtual disk Server services
Syntax : # ldm add-vdiskserver <service_name> <ldom>
       Example : # ldm add-vdiskserver primary-vds0 primary
       Example : # ldm add-vds primary-vds0 primary
To remove the Virtual disk Server services
Syntax : # ldm remove-vdiskserver [-f] <service_name>
       Example : # ldm remove-vds primary-vds0

20. How to add/remove Virtual Network services LDOM ?

To add virtual network device which is associated with the virtual switch  to the guest domain
Syntax : # ldm add-vnet [mac-addr=<num>] [mode=hybrid] [pvid=<pvid>] [vid=<vid1,vid2,...>] [mtu=<mtu>] [linkprop=phys-state][id=<networkid>] <if_name> <vswitch_name> <ldom>
       Example : # ldm  add-vnet vnet0 primary-vsw0 ldom1
To remove the Virtual network device
Syntax : # ldm remove-vnet [-f] <if_name> <ldom>
       Example : # ldm  remove-vnet vnet0  ldom1

21. How to add/remove Virtual Switch on the domain ?

To add the virtual switch services 
Syntax : # ldm  add-vswitch [default-vlan-id=<vid>] [pvid=<pvid>] [vid=<vid1,vid2,...>][mac-addr=<num>] [net-dev=<device>] [linkprop=phys-state][mode=<mode>] [mtu=<mtu>] [id=<switchid>] <vswitch_name> <ldom>
       Example : # ldm add-vswitch net-dev=e1000g0 primary-vsw0 primary
To remove the virtual switch services
Syntax : # ldm remove-vswitch [-f] <vswitch_name>
       Example : # ldm remove-vswitch primary-vsw0 

22. How to add/remove Virtual disk server device (vdsdev) ?

To add or associating the resources to the Control domain's virtual disk services
Syntax : # ldm add-vdiskserverdevice [-f] [options={ro,slice,excl}] [mpgroup=<mpgroup>] <backend> <volume_name>@<service_name>
      Example : # ldm add-vdsdev /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s2 vol01@primary-vds0
      Example : # ldm add-vdsdev options=ro /export/home/solaris.iso iso01@primary-vds0
To remove Virtual disk server devices
Syntax : # ldm  remove-vdiskserverdevice [-f] <volume_name>@<service_name>
      Example : # ldm remove-vdsdev vol01@primary-vds0
      Example : # ldm remove-vdsdev iso01@primary-vds0

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